by The japanese katana sword embodies a powerful convergence of artistry, craftsmanship and functionality. It is a symbol of the warrior class of feudal Japan, where it served as both a practical weapon and an expression of spirituality. Today, the katana is valued as much for its beauty and aesthetic qualities as its sharp edge and remarkable durability.
The katana is forged from two types of steel and is distinguished by the wavy line known as the hamon that runs along its length. This is the result of a differential heat treatment process, or yaki-ire, which hardens the blade’s edge to an incredible level of sharpness and resilience while leaving the body and spine softer and more flexible. The hamon also serves as an important indicator of the period, smith and school from which a sword was made.
After the hamon is complete, the sword craftsman modifies the curvature of the blade and drills holes (Mekugi) for the fasteners to secure the blade’s body, or Nakago, to its Tsuka. He also drills a hole for the tang, which is inscribed with his name and the date of completion, or mei.
Prior to 1600, most Japanese swords were worn suspended from a belt, or obi, with the blade edge-down, in a style called jindachi-zukuri. The katana was favored from about that time onward, and until 1867, all daito were katanas or tachi of an average blade length of between 70-74 cm (2 shaku 3 sun to 2 shaku 4 sun 5 bu). Swords longer than the katana were also used in battle but are now illegal except for ceremonial purposes. These were referred to as odachi and nodachi and were typically carried by foot soldiers in order to gain an advantage over their enemies with their greater reach. Best Katana
